Liqui-Grow

Sulfur on Soybeans

Free atmospheric sulfur is almost non-existent these days. So much like corn - farmers need to add sulfur to their fertilizer blend for our soybean crop. Responses to sulfur applications seem to vary - but soil is soil - and we see a more consistent result to the addition of sulfur in sandier soils with low organic matter. We recommend applying sulfur in the spring if you are working with sandy soils - if you’d like to know the science behind that, ask a Liqui-Grow Agronomy Field Advisor. We also tend to see a more consistent result in fields planted early with a higher % OM. - we think about the fields in our Northern territory. This could be because the soil has not yet warmed up enough to mineralize the nutrients the soybeans are looking for. Think about a frozen dinner - it’s not very good to us still frozen.

Sulfur Application

In this study - Dr. Jake has found that by adding sulfur we see a yield bump in soybean yields. The sulfur source in this research trial was ATS or ammonium thiosulfate. The analysis of ATS is 12-0-0-26, of which you can see, has Nitrogen in the analysis. The N source was UAN or 32% more commonly known.  There are very few straight sulfur products that are efficient and easy to handle.  That is why there is not a sulfur only product in these trial sets.

liqui-grow fall research results on sulfur for soybeans

The Results

Aledo showed a 3.3 bu increase from the check to ATS being added at the planter.
Hampton showed 11.6 bu increase from the check to ATS being added at the planter.
The average between the 2 locations was just shy of 7.5 bu by adding ATS with the planter. So, it really does show that our soybeans plants are deficient in sulfur - much like corn.

How to Feed the Crop

ATS is a great form of sulfur that can go on preplant or preemerge in soybeans. Do not apply ATS to a crop once it has emerged, and do not apply ATS as a foliar application. ATS can be put on with the planter as Jake did in his research trials, just NOT in-furrow.

If you haven’t tried ATS on your soybeans yet - try a few fields - or strips in one field.  To learn more about sulfur needs for your soybean crop - contact your Liqui-Grow Agronomy Field Advisor today!

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

ExactStrip Fertilizer – Placement and Tillage

Think about it – you’re hungry? You go to the fridge, cupboard or even just the table. But plants can’t just go to the food. Their roots can expand out, but like most of us they fall with gravity and go down. In 2024 we have the ability to bring the food to the plants. Just like we do for animals and people.

EVEN DISTRIBUTION - EVENLY FED

Liqui-Grow’s Liquid fertilizer is an even application of nutrients. Not sure what that means? Dry fertilizer is made up of little pellets or granules, and those are all different sizes, and spreaders throw them at different distances based on their size, so even if you are attempting to put on a certain number of pounds per acre – the distribution of those products are not the same as they spin out the back of the machine. And the wider the spinner is set to, the less accurate you are. Which really means the plants out to the ends probably aren’t getting the same chance at those rates of fertilizer. Liquid fertilizer is a liquid suspension and that means all of the application is the same across every acre for the rate desired, allowing all of the plants to have the same opportunity for uptake.

Roots Take Up Plant Food

There is evidence that corn roots will grow down to nearly six feet[1] , depending on environmental conditions and product characteristics. Research shows that corn roots will horizontally spread up to 30” [2] but the bulk of the roots are within 7”-9” below the stalk. To grow good corn yields – you need to feed the plant where roots grow. And by placing the fertilizer in the bulk of the roots - offers more chances to get a better uptake. Especially in unfavorable growing conditions. Liquid fertilizer allows even placement and precise placement of fertilizer that plants need. Liqui-Grow's placement study shows that on average ExactStrip fertilizer placement is 17.4 bu better than no fertilizer and 7.6 bu better than broadcasting fertilizer. (See Figure 1 above.) Dr. Jake has since taken this data and started to answer the question, “If we add in tillage to the ExactStrip fertilizer placement what sort of response do we see?” As you can see – by incorporating the fertilizer with either strip till or banding at 6-7” injection rate we see a yield bump. This is because we don’t have to ask the corn plants to search out the food they need – and in cases where rainfall was low, we did not need the moisture to move the nutrients down into the root profile.

measuring roots of corn

Figure 2. Corn Roots

Placement Pays & Tillage Integrates

Liqui-Grow wrapped up a 3 year study on fertilizer placement - here are the results. This graph shows that corn likes fertilizer to be close to the root zone. We can grow very good corn yields here in the Midwest and not be super precise with fertilizer applications. This work shows that those who take the time and put fertilizer next to the row can often benefit from their labors. After the exciting announcement of ExactStrip fertilizer we started down the road of, “How do we work tillage into this?” 248.2bu/ac is a good base line - those methods are fairly traditional and widespread in the Midwest. Spread your fertilizer and hit it with tillage. (see Figure 2 above.) Injected 6” to 7“ was our copycat to traditional strip till methods.

Should we do the Exactstrip before or after strip till? The research would support the common thinking of fertilizing after strip till is best because it is the least disrupting method to the fertilizer. Any sort of tillage is going to move the fertilizer away from the intended row. This research shows that ExactStrip after strip till is 4.8 bu/ac better than ExactStrip before the strip till machine goes through the field.

Liqui-Grow Research team will continue to test different tillage options with ExactStrip fertilizer application.

Out with the Old - In with the New

The time saving fast applications and reduced need for labor of ExactStrip often outweighs that extra bu. Increase you see from traditional strip till. If you are currently using traditional strip till methods to apply fertilizer - Liqui-Grow would like to show you how we can help ease your labor and time investments and still achieve high yield opportunities.

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Soybean Cyst Nematodes – What’s the big deal with such a little pest?

Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) should be top of mind as farmers make 2025 input decisions.  SCN is in the top 5 when it comes to consistent soybean yield robbers. Those bushels are often silently lost and can rob up to 30% of our yield without even showing visual symptoms. Lighter soils often show visual symptoms faster than beautiful black prairie soils, but in droughty years – we can see symptoms everywhere.

As a soybean farmer, your top priority for combating SCN in your fields should be selecting varieties that have resistant traits bred into them. This is a no-brainer, right? But often SCN traits is not the lead conversation topic when picking out those next field winners.

Two Trait Options Available

There are 2 traits to choose from when arming yourself against SCN. PI 88788 trait represents over 90% of soybean varieties on the market. Peking was introduced in the late 1950’s, long before PI 88788. Peking varieties have had a hard time keeping up with yield until now. With new gene insertion techniques used today – Peking varieties are starting to show favorable yields, in comparison to the PI88788.

In fields with SCN resistance to PI 88788, current Peking varieties are outyielding PI 88788 varieties because Peking covers different Races of SCN. In other words, the Peking trait has not built-up resistance yet, and because of that, we are seeing a yield advantage.  Both of these traits cover 8 races of SCN but they are not all the same. They are both resistant to Race 3 which is the most common in Iowa but only Peking is resistant to Race 5 which is becoming more widespread in our region. To see which variety has each trait, click here: SCN – Resistant Soybean Varieties and Trait Package.

It’s important to know, due to the breeding process of soybeans, not all PI88788 gene resistance is the same in every soybean variety/product.  In other words, a variety with PI 88788 may not provide the same SCN resistance as another variety with PI 88788, so rotating varieties even with the same resistance trait will likely be beneficial to reducing yield loss from SCN.  Similar in humans – we might all get a cold, but we might not tolerate it the same.

More Protection is Better!

IleVo seed treatment has been a big help in the fight against SCN. IleVo is not a silver bullet, but it is an affordable insurance policy that helps protect your soybeans from infection from Sudden Death Syndrome as well as SCN. SCN and SDS typically are found together, they both infect through soybean roots and cause damage in some cases without even showing foliar symptoms.

A meta-analysis from 200+ field trials shows a 4.4 bu/a increase and a 35% reduction in visual leaf symptoms. If your field has had with a history of SDS and you are battling SCN too, then talk to a Liqui-Grow Agronomy Field Advisor to get Ilevo on those soybeans for 2025!

Liqui-Grow treated soybeans

Figure 2: Liqui-Grow Treated Soybeans

New Ways to Control SCN Coming!

A new resistance trait from BASF called Nemasphere is expected to be available to farmers in 2028/29. This will be the first transgenic trait available for SCN and this trait shows an 8% yield advantage over current varieties from the last 8 years in testing.

Natural vs. Transgenic

Both PI 88788 and Peking are native traits meaning it was natural resistance that was discovered within a soybean line and then breed into other soybean lines, which is why you don’t always see consistent results in resistance. A transgenic trait, as is the case with Nemasphere, can easily be inserted into more varieties faster with more consistent results (think Bt in corn). This novel trait will be available in their E3 platform.

Do you have a SCN population?

Liqui-Grow can soil sample for SCN and determine a range level of SCN population in each area. As a disclaimer, sampling for SCN is highly variable within a field but without sampling it’s just a shot in the dark as to how big of a problem SCN may or may not be in your fields. The best time is after the combine rolls before it freezes up, so if you are interested in SCN Sampling, don’t delay – call your Liqui-Grow Agronomy Field Advisor today!

Your sampling results will be in egg counts. Iowa State recommendations are if you are at 16,000 eggs/100cm3 or higher than you need to be rotating resistance traits and rotating crops. SCN can survive for many years in the soil so 1 year of corn rotation can help but likely won’t reduce populations. As with any pest, breaking up the rotation is a great way to mitigate and decrease populations. An ideal scenario would be to rotate to alfalfa for a few years or corn for 5+ years. Which can also create pest challenges too.

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Know the Difference in Grain Quality, Test Weight, & Fast Die/Fast Dry

 

People always want the best of both worlds – and good heavy test weight with a fast die/fast drydown product is no exception to those wants!  As you combine your fields this fall and evaluate your hybrid selection from 2024 we hope these tips below will help you select the best hybrids for your farm in 2025.

Grain Quality

Why does this even matter?

The majority of our number 2 yellow corn gets used as livestock feed (40%) and the rest gets used in ethanol or other industrial uses (60%). Therefore the main focus for growers who grow number 2 yellow dent corn is on the quality of grain you deliver to your local market which means keeping the percent of heat damage, foreign material, diseased, etc. to a minimum. This is also where your test weight comes into play so you can maintain at least Number 2 grade (see TW discussion below for more details on this part of grain quality). The major factors are your soil fertility, weed control, how well you controlled disease and stress throughout the season, and harvest timing along with how well you set your combine. 

Livestock producers growing corn for silage should consider grain quality in different regards including how vitreous the kernel is (how opaque vs. translucent) to increase digestibility and efficiency of your silage as feedstock. In this case genetics (hybrid selection) and the environment (including soil fertility and late season plant health) play a big role in grain quality and how efficient your corn is as food for your livestock. Nitrogen rate also affects the amount of protein and the type of protein in the kernel. Typically silage specific hybrids include ratings on overall plant characteristics and many times these are dual purpose hybrids which have good silage characteristics while still maintaining the high yield and standability of grain corn hybrids.  

Grain quality is more than just “how yellow the corn is” and “how pretty it looks”.  Grain quality is a number of factors such as: protein, oil, starch, and fiber content. We don’t typically see a change in grain quality because of delay in harvest, but environmental factors throughout the growing season do impact grain quality.  Along with hybrid selection & nutrients available.  For example, protein content in corn is tied closely to nitrogen use and availability during the growing season. So not only does nitrogen affect yield, it also affects quality.  Having adequate nutrients available is important to growing corn with good grain quality. Whatever your end use will be, hybrid selection and the fertility under its “feet” play a big role in grain quality at the end of the season. 

Test Weight

What’s more important: Test Weight or Bushels per acre? 

Test weight is simply a volumetric measurement of approximately 1.24 cubic ft, otherwise known as a bushel. So it really shouldn’t be called test weight at all, it should be called Test Volume.   A volumetric bushel was once used (hence the bushel basket) to trade grain.  In today's world a bushel is more of an arbitrary measurement that is represented by a standard weight for each crop, which in the case of corn is 56 lbs at 15.0% moisture.

So what is the significance of test weight?

Test weight still represents how many pounds of kernels will fit into a volumetric bushel.  Kernel size doesn’t change much - it’s the weight of each kernel that changes.  So in reality we are after kernel weight.  Today the main use of test weight is to grade the grain. We sell number 2 yellow corn, which along with other factors it has to meet the minimum test weight of 54 lbs. If it is below 54 lbs/bu you will be docked, in most cases.

Think about a bowling ball vs. a basketball.  Both hold the same amount of volume, roughly, but a bowling ball has more mass.  Thus - we can use less bowling balls to get to our final desired weight on a semi-load.  It would take more basketballs to fill the semi-load and we would have to take more trips to get to the same desired weight thus - we would be more inefficient.

If you have higher than 56 lb test weight there are some grain buyers in certain markets who will pay extra for higher test weight.  For example, a cent for each pound above 57 pound test weight. If you can sell into one of those markets then test weight is an advantage.  If you can’t, then the main advantage is you haul more bushels to town per load.

Yield and test weight are not correlated, meaning a high yielding hybrid may or may not have high test weight. The combine monitor is based on mass flow and the majority of yield monitors don’t adjust for test weight. Therefore with higher test weight you are hauling less loads to the bin which makes your time more efficient, but it doesn't affect your overall yield from each field.

The factors that affect test weight are primarily genetic characteristics of the kernel ((kernel type (% of dent vs. flint), seed size, seed coat slipperiness)) and kernel moisture. Kernel moisture plays a big role in how many kernels will fit into a bushel as the kernels dry down more will fit, therefore you will have higher test weight as the corn dries down.   Environment/stress is the last factor of test weight.  If corn is stressed during the last part of the season (R4-R6), accumulation of starch and ultimately test weight can be affected negatively.

Therefore, the point is genetics play a role into the test weight of each hybrid, but that is only one factor for hybrid selection, and shouldn’t be a deciding factor when trying to maximize yield on each field. Disease, standability, and early season growth characteristics should be higher on your list.  It’s fun to have the bragging rights at the coffee shop, or through social media, with your buddies on high test weight - but it shouldn’t be a deciding factor when selecting a hybrid that will work on your acres.  As always, please reach out to a Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator if you have any questions on hybrid selection.

Fast Die/Fast Dry

What are you giving up with hybrids like this? What are you gaining?

Fast Die/Fast Dry refers to those hybrids that lose moisture quickly in the fall. Test weight is not influenced by the rate at which a hybrid loses moisture, so it is possible to find good test weight hybrids that lose moisture quickly. This is advantageous for growers who want to start harvest early or just want their corn to dry down naturally in the field before they harvest it. Typically these hybrids have loose husk leaves, the ear droops so it won’t catch moisture, and they have kernel characteristics that allow the kernels to lose moisture easier out the pericarp (where the kernel dents). These are great hybrids to include in your lineup to help spread harvest workload or if your goal is to harvest drier corn, just pay attention to moisture because in some situations the ear shanks can become weak and ears can start to drop if allowed to dry down too far.  

Staying in touch with your Liqui-Grow sales applicator is the key to making sure your crops stay happy and healthy with increased rainfall this season.

Questions? Give us a shout! 

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Corn stalks ready for harvest

How To Apply Fertilizer When Crop Prices Are Low

 

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Margins look to be tight for the remainder of 2024 and into 2025.  Farmers are resilient and know when prices are what they are - we have to control the input costs.  Here are a few tips for fertilizer placement - based on science - to help you make good decisions through tight times.

Placement Matters

Roots can’t move very far - so keep the fertilizer close to the Roots. 

Liqui-Grows strategy is to band fertilizer close to the row. P, K, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Fe are all taken up into the plant primarily by Diffusion or Root interception, which means roots need to be within about 1/4" of those nutrients. Banding close to the root zone allows plants to find the band quickly and get what it needs without "searching" the whole soil volume to find a few nutrients. Another benefit to banding is by concentrating the nutrients there is a reduced chance of physical or chemical tie up in the soil.  Although fertilizer prices aren’t “crazy high”, farm economics look bearish right now and one thing you can do is to keep the fertilizer close to the row and allow your mind to be at ease knowing you aren’t wasting what you paid for.  

Banding is also a way to trick the plant into thinking there is plenty of nutrients available.  So even if the field soil test levels are slightly low - the plants have enough nutrients right around the root zone to grow good yields.

Banding Liqui-Grow’s suspension fertilizer is also a way to get a balanced nutrition meal to your crop.  Each drop of suspension liquid fertilizer has the exact same nutrient quality. To learn more about banded nutrition check out this Liqui-Grow LEAD Video.

Corn Roots

Spoonfeed the Crop - Feed as you grow.

Side Dress, Y-Drop

In years where margins are tight - spoon feeding the crop allows you to utilize the nutrients when the crop needs it. Corn takes up approximately 35% of its total nitrogen by V12 and 60% by R1, leaving the plant to uptake another 40% after R1. Providing upfront nitrogen and the rest closer to when the crop needs it will result in more of your dollars being utilized by the crop. In-Furrow Starter and Sidedress applications provide a “hand-off” of nutrients as the corn roots grow and by concentrating them once again allows less tie up and better access for roots.  

Utilizing Foliar Feeding

Foliar feeding involves applying nutrients and biologicals directly to the leaves, ensuring that plants receive essential nutrients during critical growth stages, especially when soil conditions are not ideal. Just remember foliar applications of nutrients require good coverage and should be used primarily to add a little extra during periods of critical growth not as part of a rescue treatment or making up for soil deficiencies. Micro-nutrients that are not required in high amounts fit well into a foliar feed especially if soil conditions such as pH don’t allow those nutrients to be in an available form for uptake. Your Liqui-Grow sales applicator can help you decide when a foliar application may be necessary.

ExactStrip

Exact placement in the root zone.

Banding is a great improvement from traditional spinner spun dry fertilizer.  For farmers who have RTK technology built into their farm operations we offer ExactStrip placement to replace the old striptill methods.  Our replicated research shows an additional 3.5 bu/A over our traditional 15” dribble bands, which are easy bushels if you have the technology that allows us to zero in your fertilizer with your corn rows. Liqui-Grow’s ExactStrip Placement allows for:

  • faster application then traditional striptilling, 
  • less labor because we do the work and 
  • accurate placement for crop utilization in the spring of 2025.  

Need a new series to binge watch before Fall Harvest Begins? 

Here are 3 videos to watch on Liquid Fertilizer

Liqui-Grow: The Liquid Fertilizer Advantage Over Dry Fertilizers

Liquid Vs Dry Fertilizer: In Field Comparison

https://youtu.be/8MX7qH9ud4I?si=iHi2NQH7GNYt_pAE

Questions? Give us a shout! 

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Answering Your Top Questions about White Mold in Soybeans

White Mold is one of those diseases we plan for, but we never really know if we will have it until it’s here. It has been a significant concern for farmers over the years, and rightfully so, because of how devastating it can be to the crop yield.  This disease is very different from other vascular and foliar diseases, so it comes with a very different set of considerations to know about. 

Let’s dig into the top questions—and answers—about understanding and managing White Mold in soybeans.

 

When/where is White Mold likely to show up?

White Mold is most likely to occur during seasons with cooler temperatures and high moisture/humidity in a lush soybean canopy during early flowering. Due to delayed planting in some areas, not all fields will have canopy closure before flowering occurs, which will help keep air flowing under the canopy, reducing disease potential during early reproduction. However, soybeans flower for 3-4 weeks, so if you had White Mold problems two years ago in the same field, you should prepare for a resurgence this year.

 

How is White Mold different from other diseases?

White Mold infects plants earlier than most foliar soybean diseases. White Mold infects through flowers and destroys the vascular tissue of the plant. As a vascular disease (stem rot), White Mold shuts off water and nutrients to the plant, unlike a foliar disease, which infects through the leaf and reduces photosynthesis.

 

How does White Mold impact plant health and crop yield?

Significant yield loss may occur from White Mold, depending on when it infects the plants and the size of the infected area. Infected plants can be up to 100% yield loss because White Mold typically kills the plant before it starts seed fill, but this may only be in small areas within a field.

What does White Mold look like in the field?

To identify White Mold in your fields, look for fluffy, white growth on the lower stem during mid-to-late reproduction. Plants also begin to wilt and look drought-stressed, with a gray tinge to them from the road. They may also show foliar symptoms similar to Sudden Death Syndrome or Brown Stem Rot, however, the whole plant will eventually turn brown and die. Black sclerotia can also be found inside the stem. Look for little black pellets inside the stem, as the picture below shows.

When should I scout for White Mold?

It is difficult to say when to start scouting for White Mold. Typically in late July or early August, if you see heavy fogs in the morning or continued leaf wetness, those are good indications to start to walk fields or call your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator. At this point, plants are typically in the R3-R4 growth stage and visual symptoms should start to appear. 

If you see dull, gray isolated round spots in your field, those could be early signs of White Mold setting in. However, at this point, if you do see White Mold in your fields, it is often too late to save the infected plants. All you can do is make a plan to avoid the disease in your next soybean crop.

Is there any way to treat White Mold once it occurs?

A fungicide at R1 is really the only way to stop or reduce White Mold infection. However, an R3 fungicide application may reduce severity and avoid 100% yield loss from infected plants. 

Many fungicides labeled for White Mold recommend an R1 application followed by an R3 pass if expectation for disease is high.  Once again, your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator has been trained and is knowledgeable on the chemistries available to combat and minimize White Mold.

How can I prevent White Mold in my fields?

Managing White Mold is about preventative measures.  

  • Identify which fields have shown White Mold issues in previous years and let your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator know as you prepare for the next cropping season.  
  • Choose soybean varieties with good to excellent White Mold scores. You can also select soybean varieties with tolerance to White Mold and varieties with a “narrow” or less bushy growth habit to help favor airflow under the canopy around flowering. Widening row spacing and/or decreasing planting population also helps increase airflow.
  • Be prepared with a labeled fungicide right as the soybeans are beginning to flower (R1). This is one of the ways White Mold is an outlier: R3 is typically the best timing for most other soybean foliar diseases, but it’s too late for White Mold.
  • Worst case scenario, stay in a corn-on-corn rotation. Although, that has its own challenges. A corn/corn rotation won’t eliminate white mold issues since sclerotia can survive a long time in the soil.
  • Use products like Contans on the field in the fall prior to planting soybeans.  

Watch this Liqui-Grow Loop video to learn more about our tips for handling fields with White Mold.


 

Your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator and Agronomists are here to help you prevent and treat diseases in your fields. Get in touch with us to help select the right seed varieties and fungicides to protect against harmful diseases like White Mold.

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Managing Crops after High Rainfall Amounts

 


When it rains, it pours—and that’s not always a bad thing after the dry spells we’ve had over the past few years. But now that it’s drying up in places, don’t forget how much rainfall we have experienced throughout this growing season.

When soils are full of water, or as we say, at field capacity or saturated, nutrients are more readily available for plants to take up and use. This leads to higher growth rates, growing larger, healthier plants that are more capable of producing high yields.

But, too much moisture in too little time can cause some problems in your fields if you’re not careful. Now’s the time to pay extra close attention to diseases, pests and nutrients.

 

Disease and Pest Management

Regular Monitoring and Early Detection

Regularly inspect crops for early signs of disease and pest infestations. Early detection allows for timely intervention, & prevents minor issues from becoming major problems. 

This spring we have seen multiple cases of seedling diseases in both corn and soybeans. We aren’t able to fix these seedling diseases, but we can make notes for next spring and choose our hybrids differently going forward. Knowing seedling scores can make or break a stand, and our Liqui-Grow Sales Applicators are trained and knowledgeable in hybrid selection and placement.

Many of the fungi that produce the diseases we see in corn and soybeans overwinter in the crop residue and will infect the crop in spring depending if conditions are right. Tillage and rotation often help to combat these fungi. In reduced or no-till systems, we see higher levels of disease pressure. The spring we have experienced so far is potentially setting us up for a disease-stricken year. Some of those factors are:

  • Hard pounding rains splash fungi inoculum onto the leaves and plant and we will continue to see disease grow as the season continues.
  • Winds, hail and rain have created openings or lacerations on leaves, providing points of entry for fungi to infect crops.
  • Water standing for any period of time can deplete oxygen in the soil and stress the plants.
  • Compounding effects of adverse conditions early on this growing season has lowered the “immune system” of the crop in the field. 

This may feel like doom and gloom information, but a lot can still be done to help grow a good crop, and high yields. Dr. Jake fills us in on what to watch for in fields this season in one of our latest Liqui-Grow Loop videos.

Scouting is KEY to Applying Fungicides

The biggest thing this year after all the heavy spring rainfall would be, paying attention and scouting for fungicide applications. R1, for corn, is usually the most effective timing for fungicide, but if disease sets in early, going early might be beneficial to the crop. General recommendations for soybean fungicide is at R3. Keep in mind, R1 and R2 are such short windows for soybeans, you need to have that pass planned and organized in order to be at the field during R3. Heavy spring rainfalls should not change fungicide timing by much in soybeans. But scout for White Mold, which is caused by spores infecting the plant through its flowers, making the R1 time frame critical for disease. 

Fungicide applications can take care of diseases before they even appear, but scouting for those diseases is key! Get in touch with your Liqui-Grow sales applicator to learn more today!

Nitrogen Management

Side Dress, Y-Drop

As the soil profile exceeds field capacity we often are exposed to nitrogen loss, either through leaching or denitrification. 

  • Leaching is when a nutrient is lost deeper into the soil and out of the root zone. Nitrate is carried by the water and because it has a negative charge, the soil won’t hold onto it, and it will leach down into the soil profile, making it unavailable for the plants to use.   
  • Denitrification is when nitrogen is lost to the atmosphere. To hear more about this in-depth, reach out to our Liqui-Grow sales applicators on how to protect your nitrogen source. 

Before you assume you lost a certain amount of nitrogen, you need to know: how much you put down, what was your application timing, did you use a stabilizer, what was the amount of rainfall your farm experienced and what form of nitrogen did you apply. By answering those questions we can help make a recommendation on how much nitrogen you still need. To learn more about nitrogen loss, watch our new L.E.A.D. Academy video.

Utilizing Foliar Feeding

Foliar feeding involves applying nutrients and biologicals directly to the leaves, ensuring that plants receive essential nutrients during critical growth stages, especially when soil conditions are not ideal. Your Liqui-Grow sales applicator can help you decide when a foliar application may be necessary.

Staying in touch with your Liqui-Grow sales applicator is the key to making sure your crops stay happy and healthy with increased rainfall this season.

Questions? Give us a shout! 

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Second Helpings: The importance of post-plant nutrients

Picture this: you've just finished a hearty meal, but you're still hungry for more. You go back for seconds to get all the nutrients you need to feel satisfied. In many ways, side dressing nutrients for corn is like going back for seconds at the dinner table, providing a spoon feeding of a three course meal right to the crop before and during the growing season. It's about providing the crop with essential elements, ensuring it has everything it needs to thrive and reach its full potential.

Pre-plant fertilization lays the foundation for healthy growth, whereas post-plant (or in-season) nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting corn plants during critical development phases, setting the crop up for the best yield potential. Side dressing nitrogen and other nutrients is a great option to continue to spoon feed that crop into success.

Dr. Jake believes, generally, a planned side dress application is valuable. Planned applications allow you to adjust for economics and weather. For example, the early growing season often has low temperatures which slow down nitrogen mineralization and leave the corn crop vulnerable to nitrogen deficiencies. Economically nitrogen prices change throughout the year and side dressing nitrogen may or may not be a good value. Always check with your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator to learn about up to date pricing.

 

Timing Matters: V5, V9, VT

V5

Dr. Jake emphasizes the value of side dressing nutrients before V5 for a few reasons:

  1. Nutrients are limited because of slow mineralization early in the season, back to the cold soils again…
  2. Low nutrient availability and small root size means the roots often aren’t large enough to find the nutrients available. By side dressing nitrogen, you can increase your odds of keeping that plant on track to yield well.

If you are experiencing greater than normal spring rainfall, planning a V5 or before side dress nitrogen application can really benefit small corn plants. Rain can push nitrogen deeper into the soil, and the small roots are just often not large enough to keep up with the nitrogen moving through the soil profile. By V5, roots are established, facilitating nutrient uptake, including water, crucial for ongoing growth. Focusing on nutrient uptake during this phase sets the stage for effective plant development throughout maturation.

If you have low CEC soils or know you have low soil fertility because of soil tests taken, this could also be a great opportunity for side dressing. Check with your local Liqui-Grow Sales Rep to find out more!

Larson, E. (2023) V3 Growth Stage. Mississippi State Extension. https://www.mississippi-crops.com/2023/04/21/how-to-determine-corn-vegetative-growth-stages/

V9

For Dr. Jake, "in-season application" ideally occurs before V5, but certainly before V9. The old way of thinking was to get that nitrogen on right before V9, so it’s there and later in the season, but there is lots of research to debate this theory. Beyond V9, there's a risk of stunting plant growth & yield, especially with a nutrient split of 75% before or at planting and 25% after - or any ratio that is less than 75% at or before planting. Typically, Midwest soils can adequately support nutrient uptake from V9 up to VT, depending on adequate soil moisture levels. By V9 through VT, the crop is at its peak nitrogen absorption rate per day, meaning delaying application until after V9 puts the crop at a disadvantage in terms of nutrition. Even though farmers have been across the fields “a lot” in a short amount of time, delaying the side dress pass can ultimately hurt yield, keep your equipment “warmed up” and ready to go again!

If you have questions about what this means, contact a Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator, or check out this video: Is Side-Dressing Nitrogen Worth It This Year?

Nielsen, R. (2000) V9 Growing Point & V9 Whole Plant. Purdue University. https://www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/corn/news/articles.00/Growing_Points-0510-Gallery.html

VT

Nitrogen uptake will peak at VT, and by this time the soil will provide enough nitrogen through mineralization to carry the crop, as long as adequate soil moisture is present to carry the nitrates. Late season N applications will only be beneficial in certain conditions.

The Extras - Just like mashed potatoes are good, they are better with gravy.

Side dressing nitrogen is important but with today's hybrids available to us, the potential of these hybrids, and the modern day cropping practices farmers participate in, we can see a benefit in adding some potassium and sulfur. Oftentimes these added nutrients can help combat limiting factors for plant development. Boron and zinc can even be added to your side dress mixture for additional micronutrients in your application.

Potassium (K):

Potassium is essential for various physiological processes in corn plants, including water regulation, enzyme activation and stress tolerance. While pre-plant applications are often the only recommendation for potassium, there are situations where side dressing with K can provide additional benefits, especially in fields with specific challenges.

  • Jake’s recent research trials suggest that applying potassium solely at pre-plant results in stronger crops than a 75% up front followed by a side dress of 25% ratio. However, there are times you’ll see a “bang-for-your-buck” with additional K in your side-dress application those are:
    • fields experiencing dry springs, or sandy/droughty soils
    • low and limited soil potassium levels
    • compaction issues (where roots have been limited)

Applying 10 to 15 pounds of potassium during side dressing, particularly in sandy or low-potassium soils, can help address deficiencies and promote optimal crop growth. Liqui-Grow manufactures its own 0-0-12 product to be used during the side-dress season. Just so you know, adding potassium to the tank can be tricky. It’s important to have the correct N to K ratio, and your Liqui-Grow team is knowledgeable and ready to help.

Sulfur (S):

Corn needs sulfur for proper development and over the past 10-15 years we have seen an increase in crop need for sulfur, here in the Midwest. To delve into why corn needs sulfur, check out this blog post from Jan! An extra benefit to using Sulfur in with our side dress nitrogen is its ability to act like a nitrification inhibitor, because it slows the nitrification process, leaving more nitrogen available for uptake for a longer period.

Recommended ballpark sulfur rates vary depending on crop rotation and soil type. For corn on corn, applying 20 to 25 pounds of sulfur per acre is advisable, while corn after soybeans may require 15 to 20 pounds. In sandy/droughty soils, we like to see 30 pounds regardless of crop rotation. For more specific rates tailored to your operation, give us a call!

In cool early season soils, sulfur applications can be a huge benefit to the corn crop, especially since it’s just not readily available until the soils warm up. But if your crop is on track, and the economics make sense, adding additional sulfur into your side-dressing application can result in a positive ROI for your operation. Find out more in our video: Sulfur: When is Enough, Enough?

Finishing Touches

By incorporating potassium and sulfur into your nitrogen side dressing application, you can provide your crop with the extra nourishment it needs to thrive. With the right approach, side dressing nutrients become a recipe for success in corn production.

Your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicators are happy to discuss the best option for your operation. Liqui-Grow is proud to offer

  • custom side dress applications
  • bar rentals if you prefer to do your own application and
  • high-quality products like our 20-0-4-2
  • Delivery or pick-up of product as well

We pride ourselves on being able to work with your operation, and fill your crops needs.

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Starting Strong with Starter Fertilizer

 

Do you know how the weather will shake out this spring? We don’t either, but numerous research studies have shown average U.S. corn yields increase with the addition of a starter fertilizer. Here in the Midwest we are very used to seeing all four seasons in one week, sometimes in one day– as an insurance policy against all of the elements, starter fertilizer is a great addition to your spring plan. So what does starter fertilizer provide?

In this blog, we’ll learn about the importance of starter fertilizers by understanding starter basics, when to use starter fertilizer, and what to consider while using starters.

Understanding Starter Fertilizers

Starter fertilizer is a combination of nutrients applied to the crop at or around planting. Depending on the placement of the starter fertilizer, the nutrient application consists of phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, nitrogen and zinc. Starter fertilizer can be especially helpful in environments such as:

  • no-till or reduced-till soil
  • sandy soil
  • cool soil
  • soil with low organic matter
  • soil with low P, K & other soil minerals

As we continue to plant earlier in April, these soils are oftentimes colder than the crop needs for adequate nutrient uptake. Soil nutrients are slow to mineralize in cold soils, and starter fertilizers offer crops nutrients that may not be readily available in the soil during times of unseasonably cold weather or exceptionally early planting where nutrient movement and absorption is noticeably slower. By using a starter fertilizer early in the growth cycle, you can help ensure proper root development—which is essential for successful yields. Why? Because corn has little, itty-bitty roots that can’t always reach the nutrients present in the soil. By using starter fertilizer and placing it close to those roots, it helps the crop out while it is young. Kind of like a hearty breakfast early on can jumpstart your day, a strong starter fertilizer early on can jumpstart your corn crop! Even for well-producing fields, starter fertilizer can be advantageous for yields and as Dr. Jake states, “a cheap insurance policy” to hear what else Dr. Jake says about starter fertilizer check out this liqui-grow loop: https://youtu.be/yuRvWZ27oi4?si=F9DIc8Fvvgo1sr8r

 

Why Starter Fertilizers?

Root Development

After germination, corn kernels develop two root systems. The first set of roots  developed are seminal roots, followed by nodal roots crucial for nutrient uptake. If nodal roots face stress, it can hinder nutrient absorption and overall plant growth. And when a plant’s health falls behind by two or more growth stages, it becomes very difficult for that plant to catch up, therefore hurting overall yields.

Rented Land Fertility

According to Iowa State University, about 60% of crop ground is rented land. While we know it’s possible to build soil fertility over time, short term leases can pose a risk for renting low-fertility fields, as tenants might not take as good of care of the farm as long term leases. This is another instance where starter fertilizer can bridge that gap, providing necessary nutrients for a relatively low cost with a more immediate return on investment. A great way to be aware of your soil fertility is through soil sampling– check out our last blog to learn more on soil sampling!

Photo of Tractor planting with fertilizer

 

Starter Fertilizer Considerations

The goal of any fertilizer is to feed the crop and the yield. That being said, we always want to be conscious of seed injury. When talking about starter fertilizer, we specifically want to be aware of salt injury which means some nutrients have higher salt contents and if they come in contact with your seed corn, they will injure or kill the seed. It’s very important to know what products you are using and what placement you have available on your planter. Never hold this information back when working with an ag retailer, we don’t want to give you the wrong information because we didn’t know all the pieces to the puzzle.  

6-24-6-.25 (Zn) 

6-24-6-.25 (Zn) is a seed-safe in-furrow starter fertilizer with low salt content. With the recommended three to six gallon per acre application, salt injury is uncommon. As Dr. Jake says, this is the “crown jewel of starters and an extremely successful product of Liqui-Grow.” 

4-10-10

For fields with significantly low phosphorus and potassium levels, 4-10-10 is another quality starter fertilizer option. This is an out-of-furrow fertilizer, allowing higher application rates without seed injury in the 10 to 20 gallon per acre range. Choosing a starter fertilizer can have many considerations, including soil health and even efficiency preferences—higher application rates will mean more stops to fill up.

18-3-3-3-.15 (Zn)

Another option to consider, especially for high phosphorus and potassium soils, is our 18-3-3-3-.15(Zn). This is a complete N, P, K, S, and Zn starter. Our 18-3-3-3 is an out-of-furrow fertilizer with application rates in the 15-30 gallon per acre range. This is a great option for continuous corn since it provides a readily available source of nitrogen, when we commonly see N tied up in residue. 

Talk to your Liqui-Grow sales applicators to learn more about which starter fertilizer is right for you.

To Conclude

Starter fertilizers can positively impact corn yields, especially in specific geographical regions or under certain soil conditions. In essence, starter fertilizers are like a booster shot for young corn, providing the plants with the nutrients they need to thrive during the critical early stages of growth. 

 

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.

Prepare for Spring: Sampling, Mapping, Planning and More!

 

Dr. Jake said it best: “Soil sampling is about tracking where you’re going,” regardless of when or how you sample. Soil sampling procedures look different from farm to farm, and even field to field. Here are a few things to keep in mind as you consider spring sampling:

Timing Matters

Consistency is key. Depending on your operation, you may sample soil in the fall or the spring. For the most accurate analysis, maintaining that timing is important. If you test in the fall, it is a good idea to continue to test in the fall. However, if there is a need to switch sampling seasons, spring can be advantageous. 

Logistically, having the soil information in hand from a spring sampling gives you ample time to prepare for fall fertilizer applications. By using a spring sampling schedule, you are able to better capture the fertility needs as pricing and contracting become available throughout summer and fall months. Particularly if you're considering a variable rate strategy, this will allow you to build those VRT plans based off of soil fertility recommendations. The benefit to spring sampling is being able to plan better and make more informed decisions instead of the often rushed feeling we get when trying to sample in between harvest and fieldwork in the fall- not to mention throwing the possible rain event in there, as well!  

It’s also important to know that previous crops, like corn, can also leave residue which will continue to deposit potassium into the soil over the winter. This can change your potassium levels from fall to spring and therefore would change the soil analysis over the winter, as well. This is also a good reminder that once you establish a spring sample cycle, maintain it.  

Optimizing Insights

Soil sampling is a fantastic tool to understand your soil health. One specific way to sample soil is with a grid sampling approach. This approach essentially looks at a field and makes a map of that field based on a specific grid. This can be anywhere from 10-acre grid plots down to 1-acre plots, but, most commonly, grid sampling looks at 2.5-acre plots. 

For example, a sample is taken from each 2.5-acre grid section of your field, and upon analysis, gives you a map overview of that field. This map shows a prediction of the strong and weak points of your field, allowing you to customize fertilizer application, targeting the areas that need it most. This can be especially beneficial in fields we have seen historic manure applications made. If we rely on 40 acre composite samples, we might hit a “hot spot” that would cause a misrepresentation of that field’s overall actual soil fertility. Ask your Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator for more information on this! 

While certain soil health components, like pH, may not change drastically from one grid square to the next, nutrients like phosphorus and potassium can. And unless you grid sample, you won’t know if you need variable rate application. 

Think of grid sampling like the saying, “You’re only as strong as your weakest link.” Grid sampling allows you to identify the weakest links. 

There are many other ways to “skin this cat”, and if you are interested in soil sampling options, and what will benefit your farming operation the most, please reach out to our Liqui-Gow Sales Applicators.

Cost-Effective and Efficient

The fastest way to improve yields and return on investment from your crop is to know your soils across the farm. Variable Rate Application, or VRT, will essentially allow you to do this. We already know that grid sampling gives you a map that pinpoints areas that may need some added nutrients. Using that data, and a few other layers of information, we can create a variable rate fertilizer strategy to meet those fertility needs and improve the farm profitability.

Most of the time, variable rate can be much more cost-effective because you are applying nutrients where you need them, rather than a blanket application across every acre. You have more specific data to create a better fertilizer plan and you have a more specific application process; you’re not buying based on unknowns. 

While this may be a more in-depth process compared to other sampling and application methods, the return on investment with this individualized practice is worth it, in most cases.

Partner with the Experts

Soil sampling, in any form, is a tool designed to help you make the best decisions to improve your yields. In terms of soil sampling, Dr. Jake encourages farmers to ask themselves: “Does this make sense for this field and for my operation?” 

Dr. Jake put this video together on soil sampling, if you have more questions, check it out!
Soil Sampling – Grid Samples vs. Composite Samples. Which is Better?

 

 

With so many tools available, and so many details concerning individual field needs, the Liqui-Grow team is ready to help you make the best choice for your farm. Contact your local Liqui-Grow Sales Applicator to start the sampling process in your fields!

Questions? Give us a shout!

Text us at 564-220-2508 or email questions@liqui-grow.com.